InputsLive
Revenue and costs
Revenue (total sales)
$
Cost of goods sold (COGS)
$
Operating expenses
$
Result
Net profit
$1,500
A healthy net margin — every line of cost is covered with room to spare.
Gross profit$4,000
Gross margin40%
Markup on cost66.7%
Net margin15%

Estimates only, based on the values you enter. Not financial advice.

Results are estimates. Consult a professional.

Definition

What is profit?

Profit is what is left when you subtract cost from revenue. Revenue is the money a sale brings in; cost is what it took to earn that money. The gap between them is profit — the single number that tells you whether a product, a job, or a whole business makes money. This profit calculator returns that figure the moment you enter your revenue and costs, then breaks it into the two layers that matter: gross and net.

profit = revenue total cost
gross profit = revenue cost of goods sold (COGS)
net profit = revenue COGS operating expenses

One number rarely tells the whole story. A business can show a strong gross profit and still lose money once rent, payroll, and marketing are paid. That is why this tool separates direct cost from operating expense — so gross and net profit appear side by side, not buried in one lumped figure.

The core distinction

Gross profit vs. net profit

Most online profit calculators stop at gross profit — revenue minus the cost of goods sold. That answers one question and hides the more important one. Gross profit shows whether each sale carries its own direct cost; net profit shows whether the business as a whole keeps anything.

Gross profit — the product level

Gross profit is revenue minus cost of goods sold (COGS) — the direct, per-unit cost of making or buying what you sold. It tells you how much each sale contributes before the fixed running costs of the business are paid.

Net profit — the business level

Net profit subtracts operating expenses — rent, salaries, software, marketing, insurance — from gross profit. It is the bottom line: what the owner keeps. A 50% gross profit can become a 5% net profit, or a loss, once overhead is paid.

Total sales — selling price multiplied by units sold, or the top line of an income statement.
The direct cost of producing or buying the goods you sold: materials, direct labor, freight in.
The ongoing cost of running the business that is not tied to a single unit: rent, payroll, marketing, software, insurance.
Revenue minus COGS. What each sale contributes before overhead.
Revenue minus all costs (COGS plus operating expenses). The bottom line.
The other confusion

Profit vs. margin vs. markup

Profit, margin, and markup describe the same gap between revenue and cost — but they measure it three different ways, and mixing them up quietly drains money. Profit is a dollar amount. Margin and markup are both percentages, and they use different bases.

  • Profit — a dollar figure: revenue minus cost.
  • Margin — profit as a percentage of revenue: profit ÷ revenue × 100.
  • Markup — profit as a percentage of cost: profit ÷ cost × 100.
gross margin = gross profit ÷ revenue × 100
net margin = net profit ÷ revenue × 100
markup = gross profit ÷ COGS × 100
A product bought for $80 and sold for $100 carries a 20% margin but a 25% markup. Same $20 profit, two different percentages. Use markup to set a price from a cost; use margin to judge performance against revenue.
Method

How to calculate profit

Calculating profit is a three-step subtraction. Work from the top of the income statement down — revenue first, then direct cost, then overhead.

  1. Start with revenue. Total sales for the period, or selling price times units sold.
  2. Subtract COGS to get gross profit. Take out the direct cost of what you sold. The result is gross profit.
  3. Subtract operating expenses to get net profit. Take out rent, payroll, and the rest of overhead. What remains is net profit — the bottom line.

The calculator above does all three at once, and adds the percentages: gross margin, net margin, and markup. To set a price from a target percentage instead, use the markup calculator; to track a single blended margin, use the profit margin calculator.

Worked example

A worked example using the profit calculator

Example: a small online shop, one month

A shop books $10,000 in sales for the month. The goods it sold cost $6,000 to buy and ship in. Rent, software, and part-time help came to $2,500. Here is how the calculator turns those three figures into a full profit picture.

Step 1 — Gross profit and gross margin

Revenue of $10,000 minus COGS of $6,000 gives a gross profit of $4,000. As a share of revenue that is a 40% gross margin. As a markup on the $6,000 cost it is 66.7% — the same dollars, the larger percentage, because markup divides by cost.

LineAmount
Revenue$10,000
Cost of goods sold$6,000
Gross profit$4,000
Gross margin40.0%
Markup on cost66.7%

Step 1 result: $4,000 gross profit, a 40% gross margin and a 66.7% markup.

Step 2 — Net profit and net margin

Subtract the $2,500 of operating expenses from the $4,000 gross profit. Net profit is $1,500, which is a 15% net margin. Total cost across both layers is $8,500.

$1,500 net profit
$10,000 revenue minus $8,500 of total cost. The calculator shows this instantly, alongside a 40% gross margin, a 15% net margin, and a 66.7% markup.

Read the two margins together. A 40% gross margin looked healthy on its own. But overhead cut the take-home to a 15% net margin — strong for a retail business, yet a reminder that gross profit alone overstates how much a business keeps. The next section shows what counts as a good margin by industry.

Benchmarks

What is a good profit margin?

There is no universal good profit margin — it swings hard by industry. As a rough rule, a 10% net profit margin is considered average, 20% is high, and 5% is low. But a grocery chain that nets 2% can be thriving while a software firm that nets 15% is underperforming its peers. Compare to your own sector, not a single number.

IndustryTypical net profit marginRead
Grocery & supermarkets1–3%Thin by design; volume carries it
Retail (general)2–6%Overhead-sensitive
Restaurants3–9%Labor and food cost dominate
Manufacturing5–12%Capital and COGS heavy
Professional services10–20%Low COGS, people-driven
Software / SaaS15–30%+Near-zero COGS at scale

Indicative ranges; treat as a starting point, not a verdict. Source: standard managerial-finance benchmarks and CFI guidance.

Rule of thumb from Corporate Finance Institute: a 10% net margin is average, 20% is good, and 5% is low — but these guidelines vary widely by industry and company size.
Levers

How to increase profit

Profit moves through four levers. Two lift revenue or its quality; two cut the cost on each layer of the income statement.

  1. Raise price or change mix. A small price rise drops almost entirely to the bottom line, because the COGS of the unit barely moves.
  2. Cut COGS. Negotiate supplier terms, reduce waste, or buy in volume — every dollar off COGS lifts gross profit one for one.
  3. Trim operating expenses. Overhead is the gap between gross and net profit; cutting it widens net margin without touching the product.
  4. Grow volume on a positive margin. More units help only when each one already earns a gross profit — scaling a loss makes the loss bigger.

Watch the two margins as you pull these levers. A discount that lifts volume but crushes margin can shrink total profit, and adding overhead to chase growth widens the gap between gross and net.

FAQ

Profit calculator — frequently asked questions

Is profit the same as revenue?

No. Revenue is total sales before any cost is taken out — the top line. Profit is what remains after cost — the bottom line. A business with high revenue can still post zero or negative profit if its costs are higher still.

What is the difference between gross profit and net profit?

Gross profit is revenue minus the direct cost of goods sold. Net profit goes further and subtracts operating expenses too — rent, payroll, marketing. Gross profit measures the product; net profit measures the whole business.

Is margin the same as markup?

No. Margin is profit as a percentage of revenue; markup is profit as a percentage of cost. The same dollar profit gives a smaller margin and a larger markup. A 20% margin equals a 25% markup.

How do I calculate profit margin from profit?

Divide profit by revenue and multiply by 100. A $1,500 net profit on $10,000 of revenue is a 15% net margin. Use gross profit in the numerator for gross margin, net profit for net margin.

Does this profit calculator account for tax?

The net profit here is pre-tax — revenue minus COGS and operating expenses. Income tax and interest are subtracted after this point to reach net income. For planning, treat this figure as operating profit before financing and tax.

Methodology

Sources and methodology

Formulas follow standard income-statement definitions. Gross profit equals revenue minus cost of goods sold; net profit equals revenue minus all costs. Margin is profit over revenue; markup is gross profit over cost. Benchmark ranges are indicative and drawn from managerial-finance references.

Corporate Finance Institute — Gross Profit.Corporate Finance Institute — Net Profit Margin.Corporate Finance Institute — Markup.
Questions

Frequently asked questions about the free profit calculator

A profit calculator is a free online tool that helps you calculate profit from revenue and costs — gross profit, net profit, gross and net margin, and markup, all at once. Profit is revenue minus cost. This calculator splits cost into two layers so you see the full picture: gross profit (revenue minus the direct cost of goods sold) and net profit (revenue minus every cost, including operating expenses). It also returns the percentages — gross margin, net margin, and markup. It runs entirely in your browser with instant results and no sign-up.
No. Revenue is total sales before any cost is taken out — the top line. Profit is what remains after cost — the bottom line. A business with high revenue can still post zero or negative profit if its costs are higher still.
Gross profit is revenue minus the direct cost of goods sold (COGS). Net profit goes further and subtracts operating expenses too — rent, payroll, marketing. Gross profit measures the product; net profit measures the whole business.
No. Margin is profit as a percentage of revenue; markup is profit as a percentage of cost. The same dollar profit gives a smaller margin and a larger markup — a 20% margin equals a 25% markup.
It varies by industry. As a rough rule, a 10% net profit margin is average, 20% is high, and 5% is low. But a grocer that nets 2% can be healthy while a software firm that nets 15% may be underperforming. Compare to your own sector, not a single number.
The net profit shown is pre-tax — revenue minus COGS and operating expenses. Income tax and interest are subtracted after this point to reach net income. Treat the figure as operating profit before financing and tax.
About

About this profit calculator

This profit calculator runs entirely in your browser — nothing you type is sent anywhere or stored. Enter revenue, cost of goods sold, and operating expenses, and it computes gross profit, net profit, gross and net margin, and markup the instant you change a number.

It is one of the free tools in our business calculators collection. Browse the full set on the calculators home page.

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