Construction calculator

Free Metal Weight calculator

Find out exactly what a piece of metal weighs before you order or lift it. Pick a shape — plate, round bar, square bar, flat bar, tube or hex — enter its dimensions, and choose from steel, stainless, aluminum, copper, brass or titanium. The calculator returns the weight in both pounds and kilograms, the cross-sectional area, and a side-by-side comparison of the same piece in every metal — updated live, as you type.

InputsLive
Shape
Metal
Diameter
in
Length
in
Quantity
How the result is calculated
Metal weight is volume times density, and volume is cross-section times length:weight (lb) = area (in²) × length (in) × density (lb/in³)
  • area — the cross-section of your shape (a round bar uses π ÷ 4 × diameter²)
  • length — the run of the piece, in inches
  • densitycarbon steel is 0.2836 lb/in³ (7,850 kg/m³)
Kilograms come from multiplying the pound figure by 0.4536.
Check our examples
2 in round steel bar × 36 in1/4 in aluminum plate, 48 × 24 in2 in OD steel tube, 1/8 in wall × 24 in
Result
Metal weight
32.07 lb
That's 14.55 kg for a 2 in dia × 36 in carbon steel round bar.
Weight (kg)14.55 kg
Per piece32.07 lb
Cross-section area3.142 in²
Volume113.10 in³
Same dimensions, by metal
MetalWeight (lb)Weight (kg)
Carbon steel32.0714.55
Stainless32.6914.83
Aluminum11.035.00
Copper36.6116.61
Brass34.7215.75
Titanium18.418.35

Same shape and dimensions in each metal, ranked by density. Nominal densities (lb/in³): steel 0.2836, stainless 0.289, aluminum 0.0975, copper 0.3237, brass 0.307, titanium 0.1628.

Real weight varies with mill tolerance, alloy grade and coating. How accurate is this?

Results are estimates. Consult a professional.

How it's calculated

How the metal weight calculator works

Metal is priced and shipped by weight, but you buy it by shape and size. This metal weight calculator bridges the two with one rule from materials engineering: weight equals the cross-sectional area of the stock, times its length, times the density of the metal. Pick a shape, enter its dimensions, choose the metal, and it returns the weight in both pounds and kilograms.

volume = cross-sectional area × length
weight (lb) = volume (in³) × density (lb/in³)
weight (kg) = weight (lb) × 0.4536
The area × length × density method is standard practice across metal-supplier weight calculators (OnlineMetals, Industrial Metal Supply, Ryerson). Densities are the published nominal values for each metal (AmesWeb; The Engineering ToolBox).

What the result really tells you

The weight figure is the shipping and handling weight of the raw stock — what the mill quotes, what the freight is priced on, and what tells you whether one person can carry the piece. It is not the finished part weight: any holes, cuts, or machining you do later only remove metal, so the calculator gives the heaviest the piece will ever be.

Shape formulas

Cross-section formula for each metal shape

Every shape shares the same volume-and-density math. Only the cross-sectional area changes. Get the area right and the weight follows. Here is the area formula behind each stock shape the calculator supports, with all dimensions in inches.

ShapeCross-sectional areaDimensions you enter
Plate / sheetwidth × thicknesslength, width, thickness
Round bar(π ÷ 4) × diameter²diameter, length
Square barside²side, length
Flat barwidth × thicknesswidth, thickness, length
Round tube / pipe(π ÷ 4) × (OD² − ID²)outer diameter, wall, length
Hex bar0.866 × across-flats²across-flats, length

OD is the outer diameter and ID = OD − 2 × wall thickness. The hex factor 0.866 is √3 ÷ 2, the area of a regular hexagon measured across its flats.

Why the tube formula subtracts a second circle

A round tube is a solid bar with a hole bored through it. Its metal area is the full outer circle minus the hollow inner circle: (π ÷ 4) × (OD² − ID²). Because the wall sits on both sides, the inner diameter is the outer diameter minus twice the wall thickness. The same logic gives the weight of pipe, the hollow cousin of round bar.

Material data

Density of common metals

Density is the only number that changes when you switch metals while keeping the same shape and size. It is the mass packed into each unit of volume, and it is why a copper bar and an aluminum bar of identical dimensions can differ in weight by more than three to one. These are the nominal densities the calculator uses, shown in both the unit US suppliers quote (pounds per cubic inch) and the metric unit (kilograms per cubic metre).

MetalDensity (lb/in³)Density (kg/m³)
Carbon / mild steel0.28367,850
Stainless steel0.28907,999
Aluminum0.09752,699
Copper0.32378,960
Brass0.30708,498
Titanium0.16284,506

Nominal values per AmesWeb and The Engineering ToolBox. The kg/m³ column is derived from the lb/in³ figure (1 lb/in³ = 27,679.9 kg/m³), so the two units never drift apart. Specific alloys vary slightly — stainless 304 ≈ 7,930 and 316 ≈ 7,990 kg/m³; confirm against your mill certificate for precision work.

Steel is the reference point
At 0.2836 lb/in³, carbon steel is the metal most charts and rules of thumb are built around. Stainless is barely heavier (about 2%), copper and brass are noticeably heavier, aluminum is roughly a third the weight, and titanium sits between aluminum and steel.
Example

A worked example using the metal weight calculator

Example: a 2-inch steel round bar, 36 inches long

Maria needs to know the weight of a single 2 in diameter carbon-steel round bar cut to 36 in (3 ft) so she can quote freight and decide whether it is a one-person lift. She has the diameter, the length and the metal — everything the formula needs.

Step 1 — Find the cross-sectional area

Round bar area is π ÷ 4 × diameter². So (π ÷ 4) × 2² = (π ÷ 4) × 4 = 3.1416 in².

Step 2 — Multiply by the length for volume

3.1416 × 36 = 113.10 in³. That is the solid volume of metal in the bar.

Step 3 — Multiply by density for the weight

Carbon steel is 0.2836 lb/in³, so 113.10 × 0.2836 = 32.07 lb. Converting, 32.07 × 0.4536 = 14.55 kg.

32.07 lb (14.55 kg)
The same bar in aluminum would weigh just 11.03 lb (5.00 kg) — about a third — because aluminum's density is roughly a third of steel's. Switch the metal in the calculator and the weight updates instantly; the geometry never changes.
Quick reference

Metal weight reference chart

If you just want a ballpark before you measure, this chart gives the weight per foot of common carbon-steel stock at one popular size. Scale linearly: a bar twice as long weighs twice as much, and for any other metal multiply by the density ratio (aluminum ≈ 0.34, stainless ≈ 1.02, copper ≈ 1.14 of steel).

Steel stock (per foot)SizeWeight (lb/ft)
Round bar1 in diameter2.67
Square bar1 in side3.40
Hex bar1 in across flats2.95
Flat bar2 in × 1/4 in1.70
Round tube2 in OD × 1/8 in wall2.51
Plate (per sq ft)1/4 in thick10.21

Carbon steel at 0.2836 lb/in³. Figures are computed by this page's calculator; enter your exact size and metal for the precise number.

Comparison

Steel vs. aluminum: why the same bar weighs a third

Swap steel for aluminum and the weight drops to roughly a third, even though the bar looks identical. The reason is density alone. Aluminum packs 0.0975 lb into each cubic inch; carbon steel packs 0.2836 — about 2.9 times more. Same volume, very different mass.

1 in round bar, per footWeight (lb/ft)Weight (kg/ft)
Aluminum0.920.42
Titanium1.530.70
Carbon steel2.671.21
Stainless steel2.721.24
Brass2.891.31
Copper3.051.38

Identical 1 in diameter round bar in six metals, computed by this calculator. The ranking follows density exactly: aluminum is lightest, copper heaviest.

This is why aluminum dominates aircraft, ladders and anything carried by hand, while steel rules where stiffness per dollar matters more than weight. Titanium splits the difference: lighter than steel, far stronger than aluminum, and priced accordingly. Use the weight gap as a first-pass screen, then confirm the strength your design needs.

Accuracy in practice

Why your real weight may differ from the calculator

The math is exact, but real metal carries small variances the formula cannot see. Three account for almost all of the gap between the calculated weight and what the scale reads.

Mill tolerance on dimensions

Stock is rolled and drawn to a tolerance, not a perfect dimension. A "1 inch" bar may measure a few thousandths over or under, and on long runs that adds up. Bar and plate usually run slightly heavy because mills lean to the plus side of tolerance, so calculated weight is a close floor rather than the exact figure.

Alloy and grade differences

The calculator uses one nominal density per metal, but alloys differ. Stainless 304 (about 7,930 kg/m³) is lighter than 316 (about 7,990), and aluminum 6061 differs slightly from pure aluminum. The spread is small — a percent or two — but it matters when you are buying tons or certifying a part.

Coatings, mill scale and finish

Galvanizing, paint and mill scale add weight the bare-metal formula ignores. For most jobs the difference is trivial, but a heavy zinc coat on a large galvanized order is real tonnage. When precision counts, weigh a sample or read the weight off the mill certificate that ships with the metal.

Definitions

Metal weight definitions

Mass per unit of volume — how much a material weighs for its size. Carbon steel is 0.2836 lb/in³ (about 7,850 kg/m³). Density is the only term in the weight formula that changes when you switch metals.
The area of the shape's profile if you sliced straight through it. A round bar's is a circle, a square bar's is a square, a tube's is a ring. Multiply it by length to get volume.
The distance between two opposite flat faces of a hexagonal bar — the size a wrench reads, not the wider corner-to-corner measurement. Hex area is 0.866 × across-flats².
The thickness of the metal in a tube or pipe wall. The inner diameter equals the outer diameter minus twice the wall, because the wall sits on both sides of the bore.
The allowed variation between a stock item's nominal size and its actual size. It is why a real bar can weigh slightly more or less than the calculated figure.
The standard published density for a metal, used for estimating. Specific alloys vary slightly; a mill certificate gives the exact figure for a certified part.
Accuracy

How accurate is this metal weight calculator?

The geometry is exact. Cross-sectional area times length times density is the precise weight of an ideal piece of stock, and the calculator carries full precision before rounding the display. If your dimensions are right and the metal matches, the result is right to a fraction of a percent.

The small remaining gap comes from mill tolerance, the exact alloy grade and any coating — covered above. Treat the result as a precise planning weight: accurate enough to quote freight, size a lift, and order stock, and within a percent or two of the scale for bare metal. For certified or high-precision work, confirm against the mill certificate. Pair it with our rebar and concrete calculators to weigh and quantify a full reinforced pour.

Questions

Frequently asked questions about the free Metal Weight calculator

A metal Weight calculator is a free online tool that helps you calculate the weight of metal stock — plate, bar, tube and more — for steel, aluminum, stainless, copper, brass or titanium. Metal weight is one rule from materials engineering: the cross-sectional area of the stock, times its length, times the density of the metal. It runs entirely in your browser with instant results and no sign-up.
Multiply the cross-sectional area of the shape by its length to get volume, then multiply volume by the metal's density. In inches and lb/in³, the weight comes out in pounds; multiply by 0.4536 for kilograms.
A 1 in diameter carbon-steel round bar weighs about 2.67 lb per foot (1.21 kg). In stainless it is about 2.72 lb per foot, and in aluminum only 0.92 lb per foot.
Density. Aluminum is 0.0975 lb/in³ and carbon steel is 0.2836 — about 2.9 times more. The same bar in aluminum weighs roughly a third of the steel one, which is why aluminum dominates aircraft and ladders.
A tube is a solid bar with a hole bored through it. Its metal area is the full outer circle minus the hollow inner circle: (π ÷ 4) × (OD² − ID²), where the inner diameter is the outer diameter minus twice the wall thickness.
A 1/4 in carbon-steel plate weighs about 10.21 lb per square foot; a 1/2 in plate weighs about 20.42 lb per square foot. Plate weight is width × thickness × length × density, so it scales straight with thickness.
About

About this metal weight calculator

This metal weight calculator runs entirely in your browser — nothing is sent to a server, and every figure recomputes the instant you change a dimension, shape or metal. It uses the standard area × length × density method with nominal published densities, so the result is the precise weight of ideal stock, accurate enough to quote freight, size a lift and order material.

It's part of our construction calculators collection — sitting alongside the rebar and concrete estimators for the rest of a reinforced pour. Browse every tool on the site from the full calculator directory.

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