Finance calculator

Free loan-to-value calculator

Find your loan-to-value ratio in two seconds. Enter your loan amount and property value — add a second mortgage or HELOC for combined LTV. The calculator returns your LTV, CLTV, home equity, and exactly how much to pay down to reach 80% and drop PMI — updated live, as you type.

InputsLive
Appraised value (or price)
$
First loan amount
$
Second loan / HELOCoptional — for CLTV
$
Result
Loan-to-value ratio
90%
Above 80% LTV — expect PMI and a rate add-on until you reach 80%.
Equity stake10%
Home equity$30,000
To reach 80% LTV$30,000

Estimates only, based on the values you enter. Not financial advice.

Results are estimates. Consult a professional.

Definition

What is a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio?

Your loan-to-value ratio is the amount you are borrowing divided by the appraised value of the property, written as a percentage. It is the single number a mortgage lender uses to gauge how much skin you have in the deal: a low LTV means a large down payment and plenty of equity, while a high LTV means a small down payment and more risk for the lender. Borrow $240,000 against a $300,000 home and your LTV is 80% — the threshold that this loan-to-value calculator flags the moment you enter your loan amount and property value.

LTV = loan amount ÷ appraised value × 100
from a purchase: LTV = (price down payment) ÷ price × 100
equity = value loan

LTV vs. equity — two views of the same line

LTV and equity are mirror images: a 90% LTV is the same thing as 10% equity, and an 80% LTV is 20% equity. Lenders talk in LTV because it expresses their exposure; homeowners tend to think in equity because it expresses their stake. The calculator shows both, so whichever side of the table you sit on, the number you care about is on screen.

Method

How to calculate your loan-to-value ratio

Calculating LTV is a three-step process you can do in your head for a rough figure, or let the calculator do exactly:

  1. Find the loan amount. On a purchase, that is the price minus your down payment. On an existing mortgage, it is the current balance you still owe.
  2. Find the property value. Use the appraised value, or the purchase price if it is lower — lenders always use the smaller of the two.
  3. Divide loan by value and multiply by 100. A $150,000 loan on a $200,000 home is 150,000 ÷ 200,000 = 0.75, or a 75% LTV. The calculator above does this live as you type.
Working from a home price and a down payment instead? Subtract the down payment from the price to get the loan, then divide by the price. A $40,000 down payment on a $400,000 home leaves a $360,000 loan — a 90% LTV.
What counts

The inputs explained: loan amount, value, and second liens

Three inputs drive every LTV figure. Getting each one right — especially which value to use — is what separates an accurate ratio from a misleading one.

What you owe or are borrowing on the first mortgage. On a purchase it is the price minus your down payment; on a refinance it is the current payoff balance.
What a licensed appraiser says the home is worth. Lenders use the lower of the appraised value and the purchase price as the LTV denominator — so a low appraisal raises your LTV.
A home equity loan, HELOC, or piggyback second mortgage secured by the same property. It does not change your first-mortgage LTV but it does raise your combined LTV (CLTV).
The property's value minus everything you owe against it. Equity and LTV always sum to 100% on the first mortgage: 75% LTV means 25% equity.
Worked example

A worked example using the loan-to-value calculator

Example: buying a $300,000 home

Dana is buying a $300,000 home and weighing two down payments. She wants to know which one clears the 80% LTV line that drops private mortgage insurance. Here is how she uses the calculator — loan first, then value, then the ratio.

Step 1 — Enter the loan amount and value

Dana plans a $30,000 (10%) down payment, leaving a $270,000 loan against the $300,000 appraised value. She enters both figures.

InputValue
Appraised value$300,000
Down payment (10%)$30,000
Loan amount$270,000

Step 1: a $270,000 loan on a $300,000 home.

Step 2 — Read the ratio

The calculator divides 270,000 by 300,000 and multiplies by 100: a 90% LTV, which means 10% equity. Because that is above 80%, the result flags that PMI will apply.

90% LTV
$270,000 loan ÷ $300,000 value. The calculator also shows the gap to 80%: Dana would need to pay down $30,000 more (loan of $240,000) to reach an 80% LTV and shed PMI.

Step 3 — Compare a bigger down payment

Dana re-runs it with a $60,000 (20%) down payment. The loan drops to $240,000 and the LTV falls to exactly 80% — no PMI, and access to better pricing.

80% LTV
$240,000 loan ÷ $300,000 value. The extra $30,000 down moves her from 90% to 80% LTV, eliminating PMI for the life of the loan.

Now see where each number lands. Dana's two scenarios — 90% and 80% — sit on opposite sides of the most important line in mortgage lending. The next section is the full threshold table that shows exactly what each LTV band unlocks.

Benchmarks

LTV thresholds and what each one means

LTV is a series of cliffs, not a smooth slope. A few specific percentages change what you qualify for and what you pay. These are the thresholds most calculator competitors leave off the page — and the ones worth memorizing.

LTVWhat it unlocks
60% or belowThe best available mortgage rates — lenders reserve their lowest pricing for the lowest-risk borrowers.
80%No private mortgage insurance on a conventional loan. The classic '20% down' target.
78%Lenders must automatically cancel PMI once your balance reaches 78% of the original value (you can request removal at 80%).
90%Conventional financing is still available, but with PMI and a rate add-on.
96.5%The maximum LTV on an FHA loan — a 3.5% down payment.
97%The maximum LTV on a conventional loan (3% down) under Fannie Mae HomeReady / Freddie Mac Home Possible.
100%Allowed on VA and USDA loans — zero down for eligible borrowers.

Sources: Fannie Mae / Freddie Mac LTV limits, FHA handbook, and the Homeowners Protection Act (PMI cancellation at 78%/80%).

Watch the loan type for PMI rules. On a conventional loan PMI can be removed once you cross 80% LTV. On an FHA loan with less than 10% down, the mortgage insurance premium (MIP) stays for the life of the loan — you can hold 50% equity and still pay it — unless you refinance out.
Why it matters

How your LTV affects your mortgage rate and PMI

Lenders price risk, and LTV is their primary measure of it. A lower LTV means you have more equity to lose before they do, so they reward it with cheaper terms in two ways at once:

  • Interest rate. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac apply loan-level price adjustments that get steeper as LTV rises. Crossing from above 80% to below it typically earns a lower rate; to fully avoid an add-on, the target rises to about 75% LTV (25% equity).
  • PMI. Above 80% LTV on a conventional loan you pay private mortgage insurance, usually 0.3%–1.5% of the loan per year. On a $300,000 loan that is roughly $75–$375 a month — money that protects the lender, not you, and disappears the moment your LTV reaches 80%.

The two effects compound: a high-LTV borrower pays a higher rate and a PMI premium on top. That is why moving even a few percentage points of LTV — through a larger down payment or extra principal — can change the total cost of a mortgage by tens of thousands of dollars. Pair this with a mortgage-with-PMI calculator to see the dollar impact on your payment.

Second liens

What is combined loan-to-value (CLTV)?

Combined loan-to-value (CLTV) adds every loan secured by the property — your first mortgage plus any second mortgage, home equity loan, or HELOC — and divides the total by the home's value. Where LTV looks at one loan, CLTV looks at all of them, which is the number that matters when you take out a HELOC or a piggyback second.

CLTV = (first mortgage + second mortgage + HELOC) ÷ value × 100

Example: a $240,000 first mortgage and a $40,000 HELOC on a $400,000 home is a 60% LTV but a 70% CLTV — (240,000 + 40,000) ÷ 400,000. Most lenders cap CLTV at 80%–90% for a home equity line, so CLTV, not LTV, is usually what limits how much you can borrow against your equity. Enter a second loan in the calculator and it returns the CLTV alongside your LTV.

Interpretation

What is a good loan-to-value ratio?

As a rule, 80% or lower is the sweet spot: at or below 80% LTV you avoid PMI on a conventional loan and qualify for competitive rates, and below 60% you reach the best pricing tier. Above 80% you can still get a loan — through FHA, VA, USDA, or a conventional 97% program — but you pay for the higher risk with insurance and rate add-ons.

That said, the "best" LTV is the one that gets you into the right home at a total cost you can afford. If reaching 80% means renting three more years while prices climb, a 90% LTV with PMI you cancel later may be the smarter move. Use the down-payment calculator and house-affordability calculator to weigh the trade-off in dollars, not just percentages.

Levers

How to lower your LTV

LTV moves through the two numbers in the ratio — the loan on top and the value on the bottom. Four practical levers:

  1. Make a larger down payment. The most direct lever on a purchase — every extra dollar down is a dollar less loan, lowering LTV immediately.
  2. Pay down principal. On an existing mortgage, each payment chips the balance and lowers LTV over time; extra principal payments accelerate it toward the 80%/78% PMI-removal line.
  3. Wait for appreciation. A rising property value lowers LTV even if the loan does not change — a refinance appraisal can confirm the higher value and drop you under 80%.
  4. Buy a less expensive home. A lower price for the same down payment means a smaller loan as a share of value — the simplest way to start under 80%.

Once your LTV crosses 80% through any of these, request PMI removal in writing — lenders must cancel automatically at 78% but you can ask at 80%. Pair this with a mortgage calculator to see how extra principal reshapes the timeline.

Methodology

Data sources and methodology

LTV thresholds and loan limits come from the agencies that set them: Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (conventional 97% LTV programs and loan-level price adjustments), the FHA Single Family Housing Policy Handbook (96.5% maximum LTV), and the VA and USDA loan programs (100% LTV). PMI cancellation at 78%/80% LTV is set by the federal Homeowners Protection Act of 1998. The calculator uses the standard identity loan ÷ value × 100 and the lower of appraised value or purchase price as the denominator.

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau — Homeowners Protection Act / PMI cancellation rules.
Questions

Frequently asked questions about the free loan-to-value calculator

A loan-to-value calculator is a free online tool that helps you calculate your loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, combined LTV, home equity, and the down payment needed to reach 80% and drop PMI. LTV is the loan amount as a percentage of the property's appraised value. Combined LTV adds any second mortgage or HELOC. At or below 80% LTV, conventional loans drop PMI. It runs entirely in your browser with instant results and no sign-up.
Divide the loan amount by the property's appraised value and multiply by 100. A $150,000 loan on a $200,000 home is 150,000 ÷ 200,000 = 0.75, or a 75% LTV. On a purchase, the loan amount is the price minus your down payment; lenders use the lower of the appraised value or the purchase price as the denominator.
An LTV of 80% or lower is the sweet spot: at or below 80% you avoid private mortgage insurance (PMI) on a conventional loan and qualify for competitive rates, and below 60% you reach the best pricing tier. Above 80% you can still borrow — through FHA, VA, USDA, or a conventional 97% program — but you pay for the higher risk with PMI and a rate add-on.
Yes. 80% LTV (a 20% down payment, or 20% equity) is the classic target because it removes PMI on a conventional loan and unlocks better interest rates. Lenders must automatically cancel PMI once your balance reaches 78% of the original value, and you can request removal at 80%.
LTV looks at one loan — your first mortgage — as a share of the home's value. Combined LTV (CLTV) adds every loan secured by the property, including a second mortgage, home equity loan, or HELOC, and divides the total by the value. A $240,000 first mortgage plus a $40,000 HELOC on a $400,000 home is a 60% LTV but a 70% CLTV. Lenders usually cap CLTV at 80%–90% for home equity borrowing.
Four levers: make a larger down payment, pay down principal (extra payments accelerate it), benefit from rising property value (a refinance appraisal can confirm it), or buy a less expensive home. Once your LTV crosses 80%, request PMI removal in writing — lenders must cancel automatically at 78%.
On a conventional loan, yes — PMI can be removed once you reach 80% LTV (by request) and must be cancelled automatically at 78%. On an FHA loan with less than 10% down, the mortgage insurance premium (MIP) stays for the life of the loan regardless of equity unless you refinance into a conventional loan.
About

About this loan-to-value calculator

This loan-to-value calculator runs entirely in your browser. Every figure you enter stays on your device — nothing is sent to a server, logged, or shared. It divides your loan amount by the property value for the LTV, adds any second lien for the combined LTV, and shows the principal you'd need to pay down to reach the 80% PMI-removal threshold, updating instantly as you type.

Calculators Cloud offers 400+ free tools with no sign-up. The whole Finance calculators shelf includes Mortgage, Down payment, and House affordability alongside this one. Or browse the full calculator directory.

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