Health calculator

Free max heart rate calculator

Find your maximum heart rate in two seconds. Enter your age and the calculator returns your max HR from both the classic 220 − age rule and the more accurate Tanaka formula, plus your five target training zones in beats per minute — add your resting heart rate for personalised Karvonen zones, updated live, as you type.

InputsLive
Age
yr
Resting heart rateoptional
bpm
Formula
Result
Maximum heart rate
180 bpm
Your estimated ceiling from the Tanaka formula. Train within the zones below, not at this rate.
220 − age180 bpm
Tanaka180 bpm
Fat-burn zone108–126 bpm
Target training zones (% of max HR)
Zone% maxRange
Very light · Warm-up, recovery50–60%90–108 bpm
Fat burn · Weight management, base endurance60–70%108–126 bpm
Aerobic · Cardiovascular fitness, stamina70–80%126–144 bpm
Anaerobic · Performance, lactate threshold80–90%144–162 bpm
Maximum (VO2 max) · Short, intense intervals90–100%162–180 bpm

Age formulas estimate max heart rate within about ±10–12 bpm. How accurate is this?

Results are estimates. Consult a professional.

How it's calculated

How the max heart rate calculator works

Your maximum heart rate (MHR) is the highest number of beats per minute your heart can reach during all-out effort. It is not something you train up or down — it is set mostly by your age and your genetics, and it declines slowly over the years. Knowing it matters because every heart-rate training zone is defined as a percentage of it: get the ceiling right and your easy runs stay easy and your hard intervals stay hard. This calculator estimates that ceiling from a single input — your age — using two well-established formulas, then builds your five target training zones from the result.

Classic: MHR = 220 age
Tanaka: MHR = 208 0.7 × age

What the number actually represents

The result is an estimate of the fastest your heart can beat, in beats per minute (bpm), before it can no longer pump effectively. It is a personal ceiling, not a target — you would only approach it during maximal exertion. The useful figures for everyday training sit below it, in the zones the calculator lays out: a fat-burning effort, an aerobic effort, a hard anaerobic effort, and so on, each a defined slice of your maximum.

Maximum heart rate is distinct from resting heart rate (your beats per minute at complete rest, typically 60–100 bpm) and from target heart rate (the working range you aim for during exercise). This tool estimates the maximum and derives the targets from it.
Accuracy

220 − age vs the Tanaka formula: which is more accurate?

The famous "220 minus your age" rule is easy to remember and good enough for a rough number, which is why the American Heart Association still uses it. But it was never derived from rigorous research — it is a convenient approximation, and it carries a wide error: any individual's true maximum can sit roughly ±10–12 bpm away from what the formula predicts. It also tends to overestimate the maximum for young adults and underestimate it for older adults.

The Tanaka formula, MHR = 208 − 0.7 × age, was published in 2001 from a meta-analysis of 351 studies plus a validation group — more than 18,000 people in total. It tracks measured maximum heart rates more closely across the age span and is endorsed by the American College of Sports Medicine as the better age-based estimate, particularly for anyone over 40. Notice the cross-over: for a 20-year-old, 220 − age gives a higher number (200 vs 194), but the two formulas meet near age 40, and beyond that Tanaka returns the higher, more realistic figure.

Age220 − ageTanaka (208 − 0.7 × age)
20200 bpm194 bpm
30190 bpm187 bpm
40180 bpm180 bpm
50170 bpm173 bpm
60160 bpm166 bpm
70150 bpm159 bpm

Both estimates rounded to the nearest bpm. The two agree near age 40 and diverge in opposite directions either side of it. Sources: American Heart Association (220 − age); Tanaka et al., 2001 (Tanaka).

Neither formula can see your individual physiology. For an exact figure, only a supervised maximal exercise (stress) test or a validated field test will do. For planning training zones, though, either estimate — Tanaka preferred — is more than accurate enough.
Worked example

A worked example using the max heart rate calculator

Example: a 40-year-old who wants to train by heart rate

Sara is 40 and has just bought a chest-strap monitor. She wants to know her maximum heart rate and the bpm range for a steady, fat-burning effort. Here is exactly what the calculator does, step by step.

  1. Find the maximum with each formula. Classic: 220 − 40 = 180 bpm. Tanaka: 208 − 0.7 × 40 = 208 − 28 = 180 bpm. At 40 the two agree exactly — a useful coincidence that makes the rest of the arithmetic clean.
  2. Pick the working percentage. A "fat-burn" effort is 60–70% of maximum. Sara uses the simple percentage-of-MHR method first.
  3. Multiply the maximum by the band. Lower bound: 180 × 0.60 = 108 bpm. Upper bound: 180 × 0.70 = 126 bpm.
  4. Read the result. Sara keeps her heart between roughly 108 and 126 bpm for a fat-burning session, and knows that anything above about 162 bpm (90%) is into her near-maximal zone.
MHR ≈ 180 bpm · fat-burn zone 108–126 bpm
That is Sara's full picture from one input. If she enters her resting heart rate too (say 60 bpm), the calculator switches to the Karvonen method, which personalises the zones to her fitness — her fat-burn band would then read about 132–144 bpm instead.
Zones

The five heart rate training zones explained

Once you know your maximum, every training intensity becomes a defined band beneath it. The widely used five-zone model splits effort from very light to maximal, each zone a 10-percentage-point slice of your maximum heart rate. Each zone trains something different — and most of your training should sit in the lower two or three.

Zone% of max HRWhat it trains
1 · Very light50–60%Warm-up, cool-down, recovery between hard days
2 · Fat burn60–70%Weight management and aerobic base — easy, conversational pace
3 · Aerobic70–80%Cardiovascular fitness, endurance, stamina
4 · Anaerobic80–90%Speed, power, and lactate-threshold work
5 · Maximum90–100%Short, all-out VO2-max intervals — sustainable only briefly

Percentages are of maximum heart rate. Zone bands follow the standard five-zone training model; the American Heart Association frames the same range more simply as 50–70% (moderate) and 70–85% (vigorous) intensity.

The fat-burn myth
The "fat-burn zone" (60–70%) burns the highest share of calories from fat, but higher-intensity work burns more total calories and more total fat per minute. For weight loss, total energy burned matters more than the percentage — the zone label is about comfort and sustainability, not a magic fat-melting setting.
Targets

What is a good target heart rate during exercise?

The American Heart Association recommends working at 50–70% of your maximum heart rate during moderate-intensity exercise and 70–85% during vigorous exercise. That is your target heart rate — the working range, sitting comfortably below the maximum. Beginners and anyone returning to exercise should start near the bottom of the moderate band and build up over weeks before pushing into the vigorous range.

AgeMax HR (220 − age)Target zone (50–85%)
20200 bpm100–170 bpm
30190 bpm95–162 bpm
40180 bpm90–153 bpm
50170 bpm85–145 bpm
60160 bpm80–136 bpm
70150 bpm75–128 bpm

Target heart-rate ranges by age, 50–85% of maximum. Source: American Heart Association, Target Heart Rates.

Personalised zones

The Karvonen method: personalised zones with resting heart rate

Plain percentage-of-maximum zones ignore one big thing: your fitness. A trained athlete with a resting heart rate of 45 bpm and a sedentary person with a resting rate of 75 bpm should not train at the same absolute bpm, even at the same age. The Karvonen method fixes this by working from your heart-rate reserve — the gap between your maximum and your resting heart rate.

heart-rate reserve (HRR) = max HR resting HR
target = (HRR × intensity%) + resting HR

Enter a resting heart rate in the calculator and it switches automatically from plain %MHR to Karvonen, recomputing all five zones around your reserve. To measure your resting rate, take your pulse for a full 60 seconds first thing in the morning, before you get out of bed. The result is a noticeably more individualised set of training targets — usually higher bpm numbers than the plain-percentage method, because the resting rate is added back in.

Definitions

Maximum, resting, and target heart rate

The fastest your heart can beat during all-out effort, in bpm. Estimated from age (220 − age, or the more accurate Tanaka 208 − 0.7 × age) and used as the ceiling that defines every training zone. It declines gradually with age and is largely fixed by genetics.
Your beats per minute at complete rest, measured before rising in the morning. A typical adult range is 60–100 bpm; well-trained endurance athletes are often 40–60 bpm. A lower resting rate generally signals better cardiovascular fitness.
The working heart-rate range you aim for during exercise — 50–70% of maximum for moderate effort and 70–85% for vigorous, per the American Heart Association. It is where training actually happens, safely below the maximum.
Maximum heart rate minus resting heart rate — the "room" your heart has to speed up. The Karvonen method uses it to set personalised zones that account for your fitness.
A band of intensity defined as a percentage of maximum heart rate (or of heart-rate reserve). The five-zone model runs from very light (50–60%) to maximum (90–100%), each training a different physiological adaptation.
What affects it

What affects your maximum heart rate

Age-based formulas capture the single biggest driver, but several factors mean your true maximum can differ from the estimate:

  • Age — the dominant factor. Maximum heart rate falls steadily through adult life, which is why every formula subtracts something for each year.
  • Genetics — two people of the same age can have maximums 20 bpm apart. This individual variation is why formulas carry a ±10–12 bpm error.
  • Medications — beta-blockers and some other heart and blood-pressure drugs lower both your maximum and your target heart rate. If you take them, age formulas will not apply to you.
  • Altitude and heat — environment can shift your heart-rate response, though maximum itself is fairly stable.
  • Fitness — mostly not. Training dramatically lowers your resting heart rate and raises your stamina, but it does not meaningfully raise your maximum. A fitter heart pumps more blood per beat; it does not gain a higher ceiling.
Safety

When to see a doctor

Heart-rate training is safe for most people, but the numbers from this calculator are estimates, not medical advice. Talk to a healthcare professional before relying on them if any of the following apply:

  • You have a heart condition, high blood pressure, or diabetes, or a family history of early heart disease.
  • You take medication that affects heart rate — beta-blockers and similar drugs lower your maximum, so age formulas will overstate your true ceiling.
  • You are new to exercise, over 45 (men) or 55 (women), or returning after a long break, especially if you plan vigorous training.
  • You notice warning signs during exercise — chest pain or pressure, severe breathlessness, dizziness, fainting, or an irregular or racing heartbeat. Stop and seek care.
The American Heart Association notes that some drugs and medications lower your maximum heart rate and target zone. If you have a heart condition or take medication, ask your healthcare professional what your heart rate should be.
Methodology

Sources and methodology

This calculator estimates maximum heart rate with two published formulas — the American Heart Association's 220 − age rule and the Tanaka regression (208 − 0.7 × age), the latter from Tanaka, Monahan & Seals, "Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited" (Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2001). Training zones follow the standard five-zone model; the personalised option uses the Karvonen heart-rate-reserve method, recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine for exercise prescription. The arithmetic is exact; the formulas themselves carry a roughly ±10–12 bpm individual error.

American Heart Association — Target Heart Rates Chart.Tanaka H, Monahan KD, Seals DR. Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37(1):153–156.
Questions

Frequently asked questions about the free max heart rate calculator

A max heart rate calculator is a free online tool that helps you calculate your maximum heart rate by age and your five target training zones. Max heart rate is your heart's beats-per-minute ceiling, estimated from age; training zones are percentages of it. It runs entirely in your browser with instant results and no sign-up.
The classic estimate is 220 minus your age. A more accurate formula, validated on over 18,000 people, is the Tanaka equation: 208 − (0.7 × your age). For example, at age 40 both give about 180 bpm; at 60, 220−age gives 160 bpm while Tanaka gives a more realistic 166 bpm. For an exact figure you need a supervised maximal exercise (stress) test.
It's a useful rough estimate but not precise. The 220−age rule was never derived from rigorous research and carries an individual error of roughly ±10–12 bpm. It tends to overestimate the maximum for young adults and underestimate it for older adults. The Tanaka formula (208 − 0.7 × age) is more accurate, especially past age 40, and is endorsed by the American College of Sports Medicine.
The American Heart Association recommends 50–70% of your maximum heart rate for moderate-intensity exercise and 70–85% for vigorous exercise. For a 40-year-old with a max of about 180 bpm, that's roughly 90–126 bpm for moderate effort and 126–153 bpm when working hard. Beginners should start near the bottom of the moderate range and build up.
The Karvonen method personalises your training zones using heart-rate reserve — your maximum heart rate minus your resting heart rate. The target for any intensity is (max HR − resting HR) × intensity% + resting HR. Because it factors in your resting rate, it tailors zones to your fitness, which is why the ACSM recommends it. Enter a resting heart rate in the calculator to switch from plain percentage zones to Karvonen.
Yes. Maximum heart rate falls steadily through adult life — that's why every formula subtracts a value for each year. Fitness does not raise your maximum; training lowers your resting heart rate and boosts stamina, but the ceiling itself is set mainly by age and genetics.
Briefly reaching near your maximum during hard intervals is normal for healthy, conditioned people. Warning signs that you should stop and seek care are chest pain or pressure, severe breathlessness, dizziness, fainting, or an irregular or racing heartbeat. If you have a heart condition, take medication such as beta-blockers, or are new to vigorous exercise, ask your doctor what heart rate is safe for you.
About

About this max heart rate calculator

This max heart rate calculator runs entirely in your browser. Your age and resting heart rate never leave your device — nothing is sent to a server, logged, or shared. It estimates your maximum heart rate from both the American Heart Association's 220 − age rule and the more accurate Tanaka formula, then builds your five training zones (switching to the Karvonen method when you add a resting heart rate), updating instantly.

Calculators Cloud offers 400+ free tools with no sign-up. The whole Health calculators shelf includes Target heart rate, Calories burned, and BMR alongside this one. Or browse the full calculator directory.

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