Math calculator

Free fraction calculator

Simplify fractions to lowest terms and perform fraction arithmetic — enter a numerator and denominator to see the simplified result, updated live, as you type.

InputsLive
Numerator
Denominator
Result
Simplified fraction
2/3
12/18 = 2/30.666667
Original12/18
Simplified numerator2
Simplified denominator3
Decimal value0.666667

Simplified by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF. Denominator of 0 is undefined.

Results are estimates. Consult a professional.

How it's calculated

How the fraction calculator works

A fraction represents a part of a whole, written as numerator/denominator. This calculator simplifies fractions and performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Every result is automatically reduced to its lowest terms by dividing both numerator and denominator by their greatest common divisor (GCD).

Simplify: n/d → (n ÷ GCD) / (d ÷ GCD)
Add: a/b + c/d = (ad + bc) / (bd) → simplify
Subtract: a/b c/d = (ad bc) / (bd) → simplify
Multiply: (a/b) × (c/d) = ac / bd → simplify
Divide: (a/b) ÷ (c/d) = ad / bc → simplify
Khan Academy — Fractions
Example

Worked example: simplify 18/24 and add 1/3 + 1/4

Example: Simplify 18/24, then compute 1/3 + 1/4

Two fundamental operations. Simplification uses the GCD; addition uses a common denominator before combining numerators.

Simplify 18/24:
GCD(18, 24) = 6
18/24 → (18 ÷ 6) / (24 ÷ 6) = 3/4
Add 1/3 + 1/4:
= (1×4 + 3×1) / (3×4)
= (4 + 3) / 12
= 7/12
GCD(7, 12) = 1 → already in lowest terms
3/4 · 7/12
18/24 simplifies to 3/4 in lowest terms; 1/3 + 1/4 = 7/12. Both results are fully reduced — no further simplification is possible.
Quick reference

Common fraction, decimal, and percentage equivalents

Recognising these benchmark fractions on sight speeds up mental arithmetic and helps sanity-check calculator results.

FractionDecimalPercentage
1/20.550%
1/30.333…33.33%
2/30.667…66.67%
1/40.2525%
3/40.7575%
1/50.220%
1/80.12512.5%
3/80.37537.5%
5/80.62562.5%
7/80.87587.5%

Source: standard fraction–decimal–percent conversions

Practical tips

Tips for working with fractions

Fractions appear in cooking, construction measurements, probability, and algebra. These habits reduce errors and speed up calculations.

  • Find GCD before multiplying — for multiplication or division, cross-cancel common factors in the numerators and denominators before multiplying; this keeps numbers smaller and avoids reducing a very large fraction at the end.
  • Never add denominators directly — 1/3 + 1/4 ≠ 2/7. Always find a common denominator first (or use the cross-multiply formula) before adding or subtracting.
  • Dividing = multiplying by the reciprocal — to divide by a fraction, flip it and multiply: (a/b) ÷ (c/d) = (a/b) × (d/c). This is the most reliable method.
  • Always simplify your final answer — leave no fraction with a GCD > 1 between numerator and denominator; most teachers and graders require answers in lowest terms.
  • Convert mixed numbers first — if working with 2½, convert to an improper fraction (5/2) before applying any operation. Mixed numbers cannot be multiplied or divided directly.
Accuracy & limits

Accuracy and limitations

Fraction arithmetic on integers is exact — there is no floating-point rounding involved when the numerator and denominator are whole numbers. The GCD is computed using the Euclidean algorithm, which is always precise. Results may have very large numerators or denominators if the inputs are large primes with no common factors (e.g., adding 1/9,999,991 + 1/9,999,973 produces a 17-digit denominator). The display will show the exact reduced fraction in all cases supported by JavaScript's number range (up to 2⁵³ − 1 ≈ 9 × 10¹⁵).

Glossary

Key terms

The top number in a fraction; represents how many parts of the whole are being considered.
The bottom number in a fraction; represents the total number of equal parts the whole is divided into.
A fraction where the numerator is less than the denominator (e.g. 3/4); its value is less than 1.
A fraction where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator (e.g. 7/4); its value is ≥ 1.
A fraction is in lowest terms when GCD(numerator, denominator) = 1; no further simplification is possible.
The largest integer that divides both the numerator and denominator evenly; used to simplify fractions to lowest terms.
About

About this calculator

Part of our math calculators suite — explore all calculators.

Questions

Frequently asked questions about the free fraction calculator

A fraction calculator is a free online tool that helps you simplify a fraction to lowest terms. Divide both by their GCD. It runs entirely in your browser with instant results and no sign-up.
JavaScript double-precision floating-point — accurate to about 15-17 significant digits. For arbitrary precision, use the Big Number calculator.
The statistics calculator computes population variance (divides by n). For sample variance, multiply variance by n/(n-1).

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