InputsLive
What to compute
First payment (PMT)
$
Payment growth rate (g)
%
Discount / return rate (r)
%
Number of periods (n)
periods
Result
Present value of the growing annuity
$133,316.63
What this growing stream of 20 payments is worth today at a 7% rate.
Present value$133,316.63
Future value$515,893.31
Total nominal paid$268,703.74
Final payment$17,535.06

Estimates only, based on the values you enter. Not financial advice.

Results are estimates. Consult a professional.

Definition

What is a variable annuity?

A variable annuity is an insurance contract whose value rises and falls with investments you choose inside it, called sub-accounts. Unlike a fixed annuity, nothing is guaranteed: your money is invested in portfolios of stocks, bonds, or money-market funds, so the balance — and the income it can later produce — varies with the market. That is the trade the name describes: the chance of higher growth in exchange for the risk of loss. This variable annuity calculator estimates the level monthly income a premium could produce, using a single assumed return rate you supply.

Place it against its siblings: a fixed annuity credits a guaranteed rate with no market risk, and an immediate annuity converts a lump sum into income that starts at once. A variable annuity is the only one of the three where your principal can shrink, because you — not the insurer — bear the investment risk.

SEC Investor.gov: a variable annuity's value varies based on the performance of underlying investment options, and you can lose money — it is a security regulated by the SEC and FINRA.
Method

How the variable annuity calculator works — and what it leaves out

This calculator uses one assumed annual return to convert your premium into a level monthly income over the payout period — the same payout math used for a fixed or immediate annuity. It is a simplified projection: it does not model market ups and downs, and it does not subtract the fees a real variable annuity charges. Read the result as one scenario at one constant return, not a guarantee.

monthly rate r = assumed annual return ÷ 12
number of payments n = payout years × 12
monthly income = premium × r ÷ (1 (1 + r)^n)
Because the calculator applies one fixed rate, lower the assumed return to see a conservative scenario and raise it to see an optimistic one. The honest range — not any single point — is what a variable annuity actually offers.
Costs

Fees and market risk: what makes variable annuities different

Variable annuities are among the most expensive retirement products, and the fees come directly out of your return. Because this calculator uses your gross assumed rate, you should mentally subtract these costs to judge the real outcome.

FeeWhat it coversTypical range
Mortality & expense (M&E) risk chargeInsurance guarantees and the insurer's costs~1.0%–1.5% / yr
Administrative feeRecordkeeping and servicing~0.1%–0.3% / yr
Underlying fund expensesThe sub-account portfolios themselves~0.5%–1.0%+ / yr
Optional rider feesGuaranteed income or death-benefit riders~0.5%–1.5% / yr

Source: FINRA and SEC Investor.gov variable annuity guidance. Total annual costs of 2%–3% are common and reduce your net return year after year.

FINRA: variable annuities carry mortality and expense risk charges, administrative fees, underlying fund expenses, and charges for optional riders.
Worked example

A worked example using the variable annuity calculator

Example: a $250,000 premium at a 5% assumed return

An investor places $250,000 in a variable annuity and, to plan, assumes a 5% average annual return with income drawn over 25 years. What level monthly income does that scenario imply — and how do fees change it?

Step 1 — Convert the assumed rate and term

The monthly rate is 5% ÷ 12 = 0.004167, and the number of payments is 25 × 12 = 300.

Step 2 — Solve the projected income

Monthly income = $250,000 × 0.004167 ÷ (1 − 1.004167^−300) = $1,461.48, for a projected total of $1,461.48 × 300 = $438,443 over the 25 years.

Step 3 — Subtract the fees the calculator ignores

If roughly 1.25% of fees eat into that 5%, the net return is about 3.75%. Re-running at 3.75% drops the income to about $1,285 a month — a $176 monthly difference that shows why variable-annuity fees matter so much.

$1,461.48 / month at 5% gross — not guaranteed
At a 5% assumed return the scenario pays $1,461.48 a month, but the real figure depends on actual market performance and on fees the calculator does not deduct. Treat it as one optimistic-to-middling point, not a promise.
Quick reference

How the assumed return swings the income

Because a variable annuity has no guaranteed rate, the most useful thing this calculator does is show how sensitive your income is to the return you actually earn. The table runs the same $250,000 premium over 25 years across a range of net returns.

Net annual returnMonthly incomeTotal over 25 years
2% (poor market, high fees)$1,059.64$317,891
3.75% (5% gross − ~1.25% fees)$1,285.33$385,598
5% (assumed gross)$1,461.48$438,443
7% (strong market)$1,766.95$530,084

Figures use the same payout formula as the calculator, $250,000 premium, 25-year term. The wide spread is the point: a variable annuity's income is a range, not a number.

Scenarios

Who a variable annuity suits — and who should be wary

  • Possible fit: an investor who has maxed out other tax-advantaged accounts, wants more tax-deferred growth, and accepts market risk.
  • Possible fit: someone who values an optional living-benefit rider that guarantees a minimum income even if the market falls — accepting the rider's extra fee.
  • Be wary: anyone sold a variable annuity inside an IRA or 401(k), which is already tax-deferred — you pay for a tax benefit you may not need.
  • Be wary: a cost-sensitive investor; the same money in low-cost index funds avoids 2%–3% in annual annuity fees.
Variable annuities grow tax-deferred, but withdrawals of earnings are taxed as ordinary income — not at lower long-term capital-gains rates — and earnings taken before age 59½ generally face a 10% IRS penalty.
Gotchas

Common variable annuity mistakes

  • Treating a projection as a guarantee. A single assumed return is a planning scenario; the market will not deliver the same percentage every year.
  • Underestimating layered fees. M&E, fund, admin, and rider charges stack — read the prospectus fee table before assuming the headline return.
  • Buying it for tax deferral inside a retirement account. An IRA or 401(k) is already tax-deferred, so the wrapper adds cost without adding the tax benefit.
  • Ignoring surrender charges. Most variable annuities lock your money for years; withdrawing early triggers a surrender penalty on top of any tax.
SEC Investor.gov — Variable annuities: what you should know (risks, fees, and surrender charges).
Definitions

Variable annuity definitions

An insurance contract invested in market sub-accounts; its value and future income rise and fall with their performance.
An investment portfolio (similar to a mutual fund) inside the annuity that you choose to hold your premium.
An annual fee covering the insurer's guarantees and costs, typically around 1%–1.5%.
An optional, fee-bearing feature that guarantees a minimum income or withdrawal even if the sub-accounts fall.
A penalty for withdrawing more than allowed during the contract's early years.
Earnings grow untaxed until withdrawal, then are taxed as ordinary income — not at capital-gains rates.
Accuracy

How accurate is this variable annuity estimate?

This is a deliberately simplified projection. It applies one constant assumed return and does not model the year-to-year market swings or the layered fees that define a real variable annuity. Actual outcomes depend on how your chosen sub-accounts perform, the total fees you pay, any riders you add, and the order in which good and bad return years arrive.

Use the result to explore scenarios — try low, middling, and high returns net of fees — but treat it as an illustration, not a guarantee or financial advice. Read the contract prospectus for the full fee schedule and, because variable annuities are complex, consider a fee-only advisor with no stake in the sale.

FINRA — Variable annuities investor information.SEC Investor.gov — Annuities investor bulletin.
Questions

Frequently asked questions about the free variable annuity calculator

A variable annuity calculator is a free online tool that helps you calculate monthly payout from a variable annuity (returns depend on underlying funds). Simplified — actual variable annuity returns track underlying fund performance. It runs entirely in your browser with instant results and no sign-up.
A variable annuity is an insurance contract invested in market sub-accounts (portfolios of stocks, bonds or money-market funds). Its value — and the income it can later produce — rises and falls with those investments, so you can lose money. It is the only common annuity type where you, not the insurer, bear the market risk, and it is regulated as a security by the SEC and FINRA.
There is no guarantee — it depends on actual returns and fees. As an illustration, a $250,000 premium over 25 years pays $1,461.48 a month at a 5% assumed gross return, but only about $1,285 at 3.75% (after roughly 1.25% in fees) and around $1,060 at 2%. The income is a range, not a single number.
They are among the most expensive retirement products. Typical annual costs include a mortality and expense (M&E) charge of about 1%–1.5%, administrative fees, underlying fund expenses, and optional rider fees — often 2%–3% in total, deducted from your return every year. This calculator uses your gross assumed rate, so subtract fees to judge the real outcome. (FINRA: Annuities.)
A fixed annuity credits a guaranteed rate with no market risk; an immediate annuity (SPIA) converts a lump sum into income that starts at once and is guaranteed. A variable annuity invests in market sub-accounts, so its value and income vary and the principal can fall. Growth potential is the upside; market risk and high fees are the cost.
Usually not for the tax break. An IRA or 401(k) is already tax-deferred, so wrapping a variable annuity inside one adds cost without adding the tax benefit. A variable annuity's tax deferral is most relevant after you have maxed out other tax-advantaged accounts, and even then the fees deserve scrutiny.
About

About this Variable annuity calculator

This variable annuity calculator runs entirely in your browser — nothing you enter is stored or sent anywhere. It is a deliberately simplified projection: it converts a premium into level monthly income at one constant assumed return, and it does not model market swings or deduct the 2%–3% in annual fees a real variable annuity charges. Treat the result as one scenario, not a guarantee or financial advice.

It is one of our free insurance calculators. Compare the guaranteed alternatives — the fixed annuity and immediate annuity calculators — or browse the complete calculators directory.

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